Drier and process of making the same.



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tipeciflcatiou of Letters JPatcnt.

l atented Jan id, idld.

' lde brewing. -App1lieation med February 24, 1911, Serial No. c oaea.Renewed october 13, 1917. aerial lit the quick dryingthecolor of the oilhas To. all whom it may concern:

Be itknkown that l, ALEXANDER Scnwanm 1 MAN, a ci izen of the UnitedStates, residing at Budalo, in-the county of Erie and State-of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drier-s andProcesses of Making the Same, of which.

the following is ajfull, clear, and exact specification. i

This invention relates to and has for an object to provide'an improvedoil product and an improved method in the art of treating oils.

This invention particularly relates to the incorporation with raw ornormal oil of elements for causing the oil to absorb oxygen readily andto dry rapidly. l

Heretofore in treating oil for edec-ting been changed, that is, it hasbeen darkened and the normal density and viscosity of the oil has beenchanged, the oil becoming more viscid during, the process of treatment.

Oil, particularly linseed oil, consists of fatty acids and glycerin. Apart, or all, of the glycerin can'bereplaced by metals and theresultingproducts are glycerin on one side and the combination of the respectivemetalsand fatty acids on the other side. The metals of importance inthis regar are manganese and lead, as comsimply assists it.

ound' of these two metals when introduced into raw linseed oil make itdry much quicker than itwould without the presence of these. metals. Forinstance, raw linseed 'oil under normal conditions will dry in fromthree .to four days. llf this oil has added to it, however, compounds oflead or manganese, or a mixture of these metals,

the oil will dry in from three to fifteen hours. under similarconditions The metals above referred to act as catalyzers, by which termit is meant that the substance in question does not take a direct partin the chemical-reaction but When linseed oil is exposed to. the air itwill absorb about sixteen per-cent. of oxygen. This will happen in theraw linseed oil whether the metals above mentioned are present or. not.in the presence of compounds of lead or manganese or a mixture ot both,the same amount of oxygen will be absorbed but a very much-she time,since the above mentioned metals alo-- sorb the oxygen first, thentransfer it to the oilthereby expediting the process of absorption ofoxygen and the consequent drying of the oil.

in the method which has been largely practised for producing so calledboiled oilabout two barrels of raw linseed oil are heated in a kettle toabout 4:00 to 500 degrees TL, and "compounds of lead or manganese areadded. The oil is then heated for about five or six hours. The bulk ofthe lead and manganese are combined with the fatty acids. A smallquantity only of such drier can be produced at one operation. The hightemperature imparted to the oil has a tendency not only to thicken theoil but to discolor the same. The product is further darkened by thedestruction of the part of the glycerin which is replaced by the leadand manganese. This product contains in comparison with thatcontemplated.

will then be heated to about 250 degrees F, This boiled oil will, ofcourse, have all the shortcomings of the drier incorporated therein. Asfor instance, it will be a darkened, and as the ten per-cent. of drieris verythick in body, on account of the oil having been heated at a hightemperature for a number of hours, the resulting prod uct Will be moreviscous than is raw oil.

By my invention however, the desired quantity .of some suitable metalbase, preferably manganese or lead, or a mixture of these will beincorporated into oil which maintains substantially the characteristicsof normal raw oil with the exception that it is given the property ofrapid drying.

One method of practisin the present improvement is as follows: fter theoil has been split into free fatty acids and glycerin by some suitableprocess, as for instance the Twitchell process, the fatty acids whileheated to a temperature below the boiling point of said fatty acids, apracticable temperature'to employ being about 240 degrees hi, will haveadded to them chlorid of manganese dissolved in water or a solutipn ofsugar of lead in water. Enough caustic lye is then added to the solutionto precipitate the chlorid of manganese as hydrate of manganese whichwill dissolve in hot fatty acids while yielding a combination ofmanganese and the fatty acids, or in the second case hydrate of leadwhich again combines with the fatty acids yielding a lead combination;

The two metals above referred to may be used together. The lead andmanganese may be precipitated in the same manner yielding a lead-"manganese combination. When a plurality of metals are used therelative proportions may be varied as occasion demands.

It is of course within the purview of my invention to introduce enoughof the metal to completely saturate the fatty acids and obtain a neutralcombination. If however, it should be found advantageous to saturateonly a part of the fatty acids the resulting combination will consistpartially of free fatt acids and partially of a combination of tl ielatter withthe above 'metals.

The fatty acids split from the raw linseed oil easily combine withmetallic hydrates which are precipitated in the heated fatty acids andcaused to combine therewith preferably while being agitated at atemperature of about 220 degrees F.

By this process large quantities of the drier can be produced at asingle operation, and as a low temperature is maintained the metals willcombine with the fatty acids without effecting a change in the product.The drier thus obtained is a very highly concentrated one which whenadded to raw oil, a mixture of raw oil and about of the drier, willproduce commercial boiled oil without impairing the color or viscosityof the original'raw oil.

To effect the desired drying quality in the so called boiled oil it isnecessary merely to incorporate therewith about three-tenths of onepervcent. of the metallic element and by the present method it may beincorporated with the oil and the resulting boiled oil will'retain thecharacteristics of'pure raw linseed oil with this difference that itwill dry in the desired time.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is: t

1. The improvement in the art of making driers, which consists in addingto free fatty acids at a temperature of about 240 degrees two per-cent.

.of lead and water, and adding an alkali,

whereby a lead-manganese combination with a part of the fatty acids,dissolved in the excess of the fatty acids, is produced.

3. The art of making driers which consists in incorporating a metal basewith an excess of fatty acids at a temperature sulfi- ,ciently below theboiling point of the said fatty acids to prevent discoloration of theproduct.

4. The improvement in the art of making driers which consists in addinga soluble metallic salt to an excess of free fatty acids at atemperature below the boilin point of the fatty acids, and then addingan alkali.

5. The improved product which consists of a combination of free fattyacids and a metal base combined in the presence of an excess of thefatty acids and at a temperature below the boiling point of the fattyacids, the product being in the form of a liquid.

6. The method of making driers which consists in heating free fattyacids to a temperature below the boiling point thereof. adding to saidacids less than their chemical equivalent of a metallic salt in solutionand then adding caustic alkali.

7. The method of making driers which consists in adding to free fattyacids obtained from linseed oil less than their chemical equivalents ofsoluble metallic salts and then adding caustic alkali.

8. A light colored liquid drier consisting of a metal combined with thefree fatty acids derived from linseed oil, dissolved in an excess ofsuch free fatty acids.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

ALEXANDER SCHWARCMAN.

Witnesses:

Gnonen R. WInKINs, W. R MELVll-LE.

